Anthropogenic impacts lead to non-random alterations to macroinvertebrate communities, which in turn may lead to alteration of the ‘micronutrient landscapes’ experienced by higher consumers. Given the fundamental roles of amino acids in biochemical processes, understanding how amino acid composition varies among taxa and guilds is an essential step towards predicting how micronutrient landscape alteration will affect carnivores. In this study, we determined 1) whether wild macroinvertebrate prey varied in their amino acid compositions; 2) whether this variation in amino acid composition was correlated with functional feeding groups, or simply due to phylogeny; and 3) whether anthropogenic change in the composition of macroinvertebrate communities affects the amino acid composition of the nutrient landscape. Amino acid composition varied significantly among taxa and correlated strongly with phylogeny, but not functional feeding groups. Simulated deterioration of macroinvertebrate communities changed the amino acid landscape, resulting in lower availability of threonine, phenylalanine, proline and tyrosine to carnivores. Our work suggests that amino acid availability to carnivores is likely to respond largely to the loss of taxonomic lineages rather than loss of a prey functional feeding group. Our study provides a critical first step towards understanding how changes to macroinvertebrate communities will affect the availability amino acids to higher consumers.